The Fundamentals of Colon Cancer Screening
Colorectal cancer almost always begins as a small growth called a polyp. Screening is the process of looking for these polyps or early-stage cancer in people who do not have any symptoms. In 2026, the primary goal of screening remains twofold: Prevention (finding and removing polyps before they turn into cancer) and Early Detection (finding cancer at a stage where it is most treatable).
Most adults should begin regular screening at age 45. However, those with a family history of colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis), or certain genetic syndromes may need to start earlier. By catching abnormalities early, the five-year survival rate for colorectal cancer exceeds 90%.
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